Kant (1764)- He distinguishes between the “remarkable differences” of the Beautiful and the Sublime, noting that beauty “is connected with the form of the object”, having “boundaries”, while the sublime “is to be found in a formless object”, represented by a “boundlessness”

‘Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog’

Representation of Friedrich’s feeling of the sublime. Solitary and spontaneous.

For Bell, the existence of this form and its capacity to arouse aesthetic emotion are the only criteria for being a work of art.

Tolstoy defines art as an expression of a feeling or experience in such a way that the audience to whom the art is directed can share that feeling or experience.
“To evoke in oneself a feeling one has once experienced and having evoked
it in oneself then by means of movements, lines, colours, sounds, or forms
expressed in words, so to transmit this feeling that others experience the same
feeling – this is the activity of art….”

Plato felt there was no place for art because it relied on imitation, it showed no truth. He believed the artist to be a fraud, misleading the public.

“will go on imitating without knowing what makes a thing good or bad, and may be expected therefore to imitate only that which appears to be good to the ignorant multitude.”

Artistotle refuted Plato’s ideas’ of imitation and thought imitation to be the re-creation of something better than reality

Beauty is an important part of our lives. Ugliness too.

Art- expressing yourself and connecting to the someone, provoking a reaction in someone, bringing people together.

He worked in both painting and sculpture but also worked with photography, printmaking, papermaking and performance, he is perhaps most famous for his ‘Combines’.

‘Combine’ 1963

In1952 Rauschenberh began his series of ‘Black Paintings’ and ‘Red Paintings’, in which large, expressionistically brushed areas of colour were combined with collage and found objects attached to the canvas.

In 1962, his paintings were beginning to incorporate not only found objects but found objects as well, photographs transferred to the canvas by means of the silkscreen process.

SIlkscreen prints allowed him to address multiple reproducibility of images.

I really like Rauschenberg’s prints, i think they’re more exciting than most the prints i have looked at. i think they’re visually interesting to look at.

The term Pop Art is often credited to British Art Critic Lawerence Alloway, although the term he uses is ‘popular mass culture’.

Pop Art is one of the major art movements of the twentieth century.

Characterized by themes and techniques drawn from popular culture, such as advertising and comic books. Pop art, like pop music, aimed to employ images of popular as opposed to elitist culture in art.

It was also defined by the artist’s use of mechanical means of reproduction or rendering techniques that down play the expressive hand of the artist.

Pop Art made commentary on contemporary society and culture, particularly consumerism, by using popular images and icons and incorporating and re-defining them in the art world. The images are presented and with a combination of humor, criticism and irony.

Andy Warhol is probably the most influential artists from the pop art movement.

It was during the 1960s that Warhol began to make paintings of famous American products such as “Campbell’s Soup Tins” and Coca-Cola. And also famous singers, one of his most famous prints was off Marilyn Monroe.

The leading artists in Pop Art were Andy Warhol, Roy Lichenstein, Roy Hamilton, Jasper Johns, Robert Rauschenberg and Claes Oldenburg.